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Thursday, October 25, 2018

Add UEFI Support to PXE Boot Server on CentOS 7

Add UEFI Support to PXE Boot Server in CentOS 7

BIOS (Basic Input/Output System) and UEFI (Unified Extensible Firmware Interface) are two firmware interfaces for computer systems which work as an interpreter between the operating system and the computer firmware. Both of these are installed at the time of manufacturing and is the first program that runs when a computer is turned on. BIOS uses the Master Boot Record (MBR) to save information about the hard drive data while UEFI uses the GUID partition table (GPT).

MBR uses 32-bit entries in its table which limits the total physical partitions to only 4 with maximum size of 2 TB each. Whereas, GPT uses 64-bit entries in its table which allows it use more than 4 physical partitions with larger sizes.

In our previous article Setup a PXE Boot Server in RHEL/CentOS 7, we have configured a PXE boot server and added the RHEL 7.5 installation option in it. The configuration worked fine with BIOS based computer systems, but didn’t support UEFI based clients.

In this article, we will add UEFI support to our PXE Boot Server on CentOS 7.

Note: In this article, we are performing everything from CLI, therefore, it is highly recommended that, you should have Linux Pocket Guide: Essential Commands for quick reference.

Add UEFI Support to PXE Boot Server in CentOS 7

System Specification:

We use the same CentOS 7 server that we have configured as PXE Boot Server in our previous article. The specifications have been re-mentioned below for convenience of the readers.

  • CPU - 2 Core (2.4 Mhz)
  • Memory - 2 GB
  • Storage - 50 GB
  • Operating System - CentOS 7.5
  • Hostname - pxe-server.itlab.com
  • IP Address - 192.168.116.41/24

 

Configure PXE Boot Server to support UEFI based systems:

Connect to pxe-server.itlab.com using ssh.

Adjust DHCP server configuration to support UEFI systems.

# vi /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf

Search for following lines in the above file.

#PXE boot server
next-server 192.168.116.41;
filename "pxelinux.0";

Replace above lines with following configurations.

class "pxeclients" {
          match if substring (option vendor-class-identifier, 0, 9) = "PXEClient";
          next-server 192.168.116.41;

          if substring (option vendor-class-identifier, 15, 5) = "00009" {
            filename "grubx64.efi";
            } else {
            filename "pxelinux.0";
        }
    }

Restart dhcpd.service to apply changes.

# systemctl restart dhcpd.service

If dhcpd.service gives error during startup, then look for any possible syntax errors therein and try to restart the service again.

For more details on comparisons in the above configurations, please refer to RFC 4578 - Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) Options for the Intel Preboot eXecution Environment (PXE).

Now, we need a bootloader (such as grubx64.efi) to support UEFI clients. This bootloader is available in CentOS 7.5 ISO.

Copy grubx64.efi to /var/lib/tftpboot directory.

# cp /var/ftp/pub/rhel7/EFI/BOOT/grubx64.efi /var/lib/tftpboot/

Our PXELINUX menu does not work for UEFI systems, therefore we have to create another menu for the UEFI clients.

The menu filename is grub.cfg and it is located at /var/lib/tftpboot. Therefore, we will define RHEL 7.5 installation option in this file as follows:

# cat >> /var/lib/tftpboot/grub.cfg << EOF
> set timeout=60
>
> menuentry 'Install RHEL 7.5' {
>         linuxefi /networkboot/rhel7/vmlinuz inst.repo=ftp://192.168.116.41/pub/rhel7/
>         initrdefi /networkboot/rhel7/initrd.img
> }
> EOF

Restart tftp.service to apply changes.

# systemctl restart tftp.service

UEFI configurations has been completed.

To test the configurations, connect a UEFI based system to network, and turn it on.

UEFI-PXE-boot-menu

The UEFI client will fetch the above menu from PXE boot server.

Press <ENTER> to start installation.

rhel-7-Installation-Language

Our PXE boot Server is now supports both BIOS and UEFI based clients.

We have successfully added UEFI support in our PXE boot Server on CentOS 7.

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21 comments:

  1. Hi, I'm doing almost the same steps as yours. But it said '
    NBP filename is grubx64.efi
    NBP size is 0 Byes
    PXE-99 unexpected network error
    '
    Anything suggestion? It's Ok for BIOS targets using pxelinux.0

    ReplyDelete
    Replies
    1. It looks like tftboot is unable to access grubx64.efi.

      Please try this,
      - verify that grubx64.efi copied to the correct directory.
      - verify the file permissions.
      - disable the SElinux and try again.

      Delete
    2. My bad, I was misconfigured my dhcpd.conf with a wrong router ip 172.17.x.y, which shoud be 172.16.x.y.
      But in Legacy mode this isn't the problem. :(

      A weekend was wasted due to this carelessness.

      Thanks anyway.

      Delete
    3. I'm getting the same error and can't figure out why. What specific permission settings Ahmer? I applied 755 to the grubx64.efi file.

      Thanks.

      Delete
  2. I'm using grubx64.efi from Centos 7.5 ISO:/EFI/BOOT/, but it fails.
    And I spent a day to find out why, turns out this file is only appliable to Hard drive installation, as No tftp client module inclued.
    So do you have any idea about Centos? I'll try to download RHEL7.5 and make a test.
    Thanks.

    ReplyDelete
    Replies
    1. The grubx64.efi should have work, because configurations are same for CentOS and RHEL 7.5.
      Please check file permission, location and SELinux contexts.

      Delete
    2. Yes, it works. I'm wrong. Thanks and have a nice day.

      Delete
  3. Hi, Could you make guide topic about pxe efi with windows OS and series ipxe (bios & uefi). Thanks

    ReplyDelete
    Replies
    1. Hi, We have noted down the request and will work on it a.s.a.p.

      Delete
  4. These instructions are great on the PXE boot server side. I had issues with understanding some of the client server settings. For example, my Supermicro server boot mode was set for "UEFI" mode. When the server initialized it listed a "Device mapping table" and went to a shell prompt.

    The workaround for now it to set the boot mode to "BOTH" which means both "LEGACY" and "UEFI". With the legacy options, the BIOS based PXE boot works (i.e. with pxelinux.0).

    ReplyDelete
  5. Also would be helpful to fine tune the configuration explained here if you have time
    1) grub menu - what is easiest way to add a 'menuentry' that will boot of hard disk once timeout expires?

    2) specific kickstart file - for BIOS based systems we can created menu files specific to the host, ex. 01-, and each file contains a parameter that points to a specific kickstart file, ex. 'inst.ks='. How is this handled with grub2 and UEFI based clients?

    ReplyDelete
    Replies
    1. Hi,
      Thanks for the kind appreciation.

      During configuration of PXE boot server I have also encountered the same problems that you are facing now.

      Unfortunately, the problem related to UEFI is stand still and I am unable to find a solution yet.

      Meanwhile, I suggest to to try AOMEI PXE Boot. May be it will address all your reservations.

      Delete
  6. Hi, I'm doing exactly the same steps as yours, but when I try to start the installation from UEFI is displayed:

    check media presence
    media present
    start pxe over ipv4

    Then the BIOS setup screen opens.
    Please would you have any idea what might be going on?

    ReplyDelete
    Replies
    1. Please ensure that have you enabled UEFI support in client's BIOS setup.

      Delete
    2. I am running into this same issue as the person above. The UEFI/BIOS has the UEFI Network Stack enabled and is set to "Enabled w/PXE".

      Delete
    3. Please discuss it on our Facebook Page.

      Delete
  7. Hi,

    I am trying to setup the UEFI PXE for multiple system with each system having it's own grub.cfg file.
    For Legacy PXE, I am using the pxelinux.0 file with grub.cfg files under pxelinux.cfg directory with naming convention of mac address "pxelinux.cfg/01-88-99-aa-bb-cc-dd".

    Can I do something similar for UEFI?

    Thanks

    ReplyDelete
    Replies
    1. Please discuss it with me in detail on our Facebook page.

      Delete
  8. Hi,

    I would like to use configure this menu to use it so I can boot the MDT iso (LiteTouch x64 PE). So the ISO have in the tftpboot directory is LiteTouchPE_x64.iso. What do I need to type in the grub.cfg file in the menuentry section and how do I point it to that ISO file?

    ReplyDelete
    Replies
    1. Try this.

      label Install LiteTouch
      menu label Install LiteTouch
      kernel memdisk
      initrd /LiteTouchPE_x64.iso
      append iso raw

      Delete

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